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Sains Malaysiana 54(7)(2025): 1847-1857
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2025-5407-17
Thermal Adaptation Response of Glaciozyma antarctica PI12: Statistical Analysis of Gene Expression under Temperature Conditions
(Tindak Balas Penyesuaian Terma Glaciozyma antarctica PI12: Analisis Statistik Pengekspresan Gen di bawah Keadaan Suhu)
NURUL SARAH IZZATI ZAHID & NORA MUDA*
Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and
Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 2 April 2024/Diterima: 7 Mei 2025
Abstract
Glaciozyma antarcticaPI12, a psychrophilic yeast isolated from Antarctic
Sea ice, exhibits remarkable cold adaptation mechanisms. While its optimal
growth occurs at 12 °C, its transcriptional response across broader temperature
ranges remains poorly understood. We analysed the expression patterns of 7,853
genes under varying temperatures (-12 °C to 20 °C) and exposure times (6 and 24
h) to understand thermal stress responses. Our findings showed that G.
antarctica exhibits maximum transcriptional changes (182.4% increase in
differentially expressed genes) at 12 °C after 24 h exposure compared to -12 °C/6
h, suggesting an optimal temperature range for cellular adaptation. Gene
expression decreased at higher temperatures (16 °C & 20 °C), indicating
potential thermal stress responses. Temporal analysis showed that 24-h exposure
elicited stronger transcriptional responses compared to 6-h exposure, highlighting
the time-dependent nature of thermal adaptation. Statistical modelling using
negative binomial regression supported these biological observations. Our
findings provide new insights into G. antarctica's transcriptional response to thermal stress and establish a framework for
analysing complex gene expression patterns in psychrophilic organisms.
Keywords: Gene expression; Glaciozyma antarcticaPI12; negative binomial model; psychrophilic
yeast; RNA sequencing; thermal adaptation
Abstrak
Glaciozyma antarctica PI12, yis psikrofilik yang dipencilkan daripada ais Laut Antartika menunjukkan mekanisme penyesuaian sejuk yang luar biasa. Walaupun pertumbuhan optimumnya berlaku pada 12 °C, tindak balas pentranskripsinya merentas julat suhu yang lebih luas masih kurang difahami. Kami menganalisis corak ekspresi 7,853 gen di bawah suhu berbeza (-12 °C hingga 20 °C) dan
masa pendedahan (6 & 24 jam) untuk memahami tindak balas tekanan terma. Penemuan kami menunjukkan bahawa G. antarctica mempamerkan perubahan pentranskripsi maksimum (peningkatan 182.4% dalam pengekspresan gen berbeza) pada
12 °C selepas pendedahan 24
jam berbanding -12 °C/6 jam, mencadangkan julat suhu optimum untuk penyesuaian sel. Pengekspresan gen menurun pada suhu yang lebih tinggi (16 °C & 20 °C) menunjukkan potensi tindak balas tekanan terma. Analisis temporal menunjukkan bahawa pendedahan 24 jam menimbulkan tindak balas pentranskripsi yang lebih kuat berbanding dengan pendedahan 6 jam, menonjolkan sifat penyesuaian terma yang bergantung kepada masa. Pemodelan statistik menggunakan regresi binomial negatif menyokong pemerhatian biologi ini. Penemuan kami memberikan pandangan baharu tentang tindak balas pentranskripsi G. antarctica terhadap tekanan terma dan mewujudkan rangka kerja untuk menganalisis corak pengekspresan gen kompleks dalam organisma psikrofilik.
Kata kunci: Glaciozyma antarctica PI12; model binomial negatif; penjujukan RNA; pengekspresan gen; penyesuaian terma; yis psikrofilik
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: noramuda@ukm.edu.my
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